1. Diagnosis first

Five Whys + evidence

Getting under the stated problem

Use when

Any sponsor conversation where the presenting problem smells like a symptom

Five Whys + evidence, shown as a sequence of 5 parts: Stated problem, Why 1-2, Why 3-4, Root cause, Fix owner.
  1. 1

    Stated problem

    As the sponsor frames it

  2. 2

    Why 1-2

    Push past the first answer; ask for an example

  3. 3

    Why 3-4

    Follow the causal chain; demand data or an observation

  4. 4

    Root cause

    Usually process, expectations, or incentives

  5. 5

    Fix owner

    Route to whoever owns the root cause; often not L&D

How to use it

Discipline rules: every 'why' must be answered with evidence (a number, an observed event), not an opinion; stop when the answer is something someone can own and change. Watch-out: five is a habit, not a law; three evidence-backed whys beat five speculative ones.

Card details

Model type
Sequence
Origin status
Established
Content last reviewed
28 July 2026

Origin

Established

Sakichi Toyoda and the Toyota Production System; the evidence discipline added here.

Used in these workflows

Neighbouring models

NextOutside-In

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